why Denmark and the UK punish so differently
It has been said that a society should be judged not by how it treats its outstanding citizens but by how it treats people who break the law. I research prisons and am interested in what incarceration reveals about the relationship between the state and the people in its care. By this standard, the UK and Denmark tell very different stories. In 2025, Denmark’s prison population stood at around 69 people per 100,000 residents, compared with about 170 per 100,000 in the UK – roughly two and a half times higher. One way to understand this difference is through welfare. With its wide range of universal welfare state services such as heavily subsidised daycare, free healthcare, free education and high standards of public services, Denmark’s criminal justice system has traditionally placed greater emphasis on rehabilitation and reintegration. Prisoners retain the right to vote, maintain closer contact with family and are generally encouraged to participate in ordinary social life where possible. Health Gap / Sundhedskløften is a collaborative series from The Conversation UK and Denmark’s Videnskab.dk …








